ARRT Patient Care Practice Exam

Particulate matter entering the respiratory bronchi can cause:

1. Emphysema

2. Empyema

3. Pneumothorax

4. Pneumoconiosis

The correct answer is: Pneumoconiosis

Particulate matter entering the respiratory bronchi can lead to pneumoconiosis, a type of lung disease caused by the inhalation and accumulation of various kinds of dust in the lungs. This condition is notably associated with long-term exposure to harmful dust particles, such as asbestos, coal dust, or silica. Over time, this particulate matter can induce an inflammatory response, causing scarring or fibrosis in the lung tissue. As the disease progresses, it can impair lung function and lead to symptoms such as cough, shortness of breath, and reduced exercise capacity. The body's attempt to clear these particles results in a chronic inflammatory response that can alter lung architecture and function. This understanding highlights the significance of monitoring air quality and protecting workers in industries exposed to hazardous dust to prevent pneumoconiosis and other related lung diseases.