ARRT Patient Care Practice Exam

What is the first treatment step for extravasation of contrast media during an IV injection?

1. Apply a hot compress

2. Apply a cold compress

3. Apply pressure until bleeding stops

4. Remove the needle and find a sturdier vein

The correct answer is: Remove the needle and find a sturdier vein

The appropriate first treatment step for extravasation of contrast media during an IV injection involves applying a cold compress to the affected area. This is beneficial as it helps to reduce swelling and relieve pain by constricting blood vessels and limiting further leakage of the contrast media. Cold therapy is typically advised immediately after an extravasation event to minimize tissue damage and prevent complications. Applying heat, as suggested in another choice, is not suitable during the initial response because it can increase blood flow to the area, potentially worsening swelling and the spread of the extravasated fluid. Applying pressure until bleeding stops and removing the needle may be necessary later in management but are not the first actions taken immediately after extravasation occurs. The focus should be on alleviating symptoms and minimizing further damage. Thus, employing a cold compress as the first response is the most effective treatment step during extravasation of contrast media.