ARRT Patient Care Practice Exam

What should be done if a patient exhibits signs of anaphylactic shock?

1. Immediately administer medication and monitor

2. Wait for further instructions

3. Inform the patient's family

4. Restrict fluid intake

The correct answer is: Immediately administer medication and monitor

In the case of a patient exhibiting signs of anaphylactic shock, immediate action is crucial. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can rapidly progress and result in significant morbidity or mortality. The primary treatment for anaphylactic shock is the administration of epinephrine, which counteracts the severe allergic reaction by causing vasoconstriction, bronchodilation, and reducing edema. Timely administration of medication—such as epinephrine—is vital because it can help stabilize the patient's condition and prevent further complications. Along with administering epinephrine, continuous monitoring of the patient's vital signs and overall response to the medication is necessary, allowing for additional interventions if the patient's condition does not improve. In contrast, waiting for further instructions or merely informing the patient's family does not provide the immediate care required in an emergency situation like anaphylaxis. Restricting fluid intake is also not appropriate, as supportive measures often include IV fluids to manage blood pressure and support circulation if needed after the initial administration of epinephrine. Thus, the appropriate response in this scenario involves promptly administering medication while closely monitoring the patient's condition.