ARRT Patient Care Practice Exam

Which of the following conditions would NOT typically require a tracheostomy?

1. Severe allergic reaction

2. Obstruction of the airway

3. Long-term ventilation requirement

4. Neurological impairment affecting swallowing

The correct answer is: Severe allergic reaction

A severe allergic reaction, also known as anaphylaxis, can lead to airway swelling and obstruction, often requiring immediate interventions such as epinephrine and intubation in acute situations. However, it typically does not lead to the need for a tracheostomy. Tracheostomy is primarily indicated when there is an ongoing or long-term need for airway management, like when there are persistent obstructions or the patient requires prolonged mechanical ventilation. In contrast, obstruction of the airway directly necessitates a tracheostomy if the situation is severe and prolonged. Long-term ventilation requirements indicate that a patient will need assisted breathing for an extended period, which is a common reason for performing a tracheostomy. Neurological impairment affecting swallowing can lead to an inability to protect the airway, which may also require a tracheostomy for adequate airway management and to prevent aspiration. Thus, while acute allergic reactions can cause temporary airway issues, they typically do not result in a long-term condition that warrants the placement of a tracheostomy.